Freehold vs Leasehold: What Foreign Buyers Should Choose in Thailand

When purchasing property in Thailand, foreign buyers face two primary ownership structures: Freehold (full ownership) and Leasehold (long-term lease). Each has its own advantages and limitations.

Freehold — Full Ownership

Freehold means you own the property 100%. For condominiums, foreigners can hold freehold title as long as foreign ownership doesn't exceed 49% of the building. Ownership is documented by a Chanote title deed registered with the Land Department.

• Full right to sell, gift, or inherit the property
• Applicable to condominium apartments
• Protection against future legal changes

Leasehold — Long-Term Lease

Leasehold is a 30-year lease with two renewal options — totalling up to 90 years. It's more commonly used for villas and land plots where foreigners cannot hold freehold.

• Prices typically 5–10% below comparable freehold options
• Lower taxes and fewer reporting requirements
• Suitable for long-term residency and rental

Which to Choose?

If you're buying a condominium apartment for investment or residence — choose freehold. If you want a villa with land — a leasehold agreement with well-drafted renewal terms provides solid protection for 90 years.